choice question

QUESTION 1

1. Which group includes photosynthetic members?

   		Protists
   		Bacteria
   		Plants
   		All of these

QUESTION 2

1. In a recent newspaper article promoting the eating of seaweed and seaweed products, the argument was made that doing so was a more efficient use of energy than eating animals. Why would eating seaweed be more energy efficient than eating an animal?

   		The energy found in animal matter represents a fraction of the energy found in the plant matter eaten by the animal. It would be better to just eat the plant and skip a step.
   		The conversion of plant matter to animal matter produces less waste than converting animal material to animal material.
   		Plant matter contains more energy per unit volume than does animal matter.
   		Plant matter contains more energy per unit weight than does animal matter.

QUESTION 3

1. Calories are contained in sugars and fats but not in artificial sweeteners like NutraSweet. What are possible reasons that NutraSweet does not contain calories?

   		We lack enzymes to break the bonds.
   		The sweetness is from chemicals other than sugars.
   		The sugars are more easily broken and converted to energy.
   		The calories are lost as heat.
   		We lack enzymes to break the bonds and the sweetness is from chemicals other than sugars are possible.

QUESTION 4

1. What is the role of mitochondria in plants?

   		Produce ATP
   		Photosynthesis
   		Produce sugars
   		None, as plants do not have mitochondria

QUESTION 5

1. Energy of activation ________.

   		is the energy required for molecules to react with each other
   		requires the use of enzymes
   		allows for feedback inhibition
   		acts on the products of metabolic reactions
   		is a measure of the amount of solar radiation striking a leaf surface

QUESTION 6

1. Which process is used to make bread rise?

   		lactic acid fermentation
   		glycolysis
   		alcoholic fermentation
   		the Krebs cycle
   		cellular respiration

QUESTION 7

1. The enzyme that converts pyruvic acid into acetyl CoA requires vitamin B₁, also called thiamine. Vitamin B₁ has to be taken in through the diet of an individual. At what phase would cellular respiration come to a halt without B₁?

   		glycolysis
   		preparatory reaction
   		citric acid cycle
   		electron transport chain

QUESTION 8

1. Plastids are storage organelles. A chloroplast is a type of plastid. What does a chloroplast store?

   		Energy
   		Chlorophyll
   		Carbon
   		Electrons

QUESTION 9

1. What is the definition of energy?

   		The capacity to do work
   		The movement of an object
   		Particles moving in waves through a system
   		The amount of order in a system

QUESTION 10

1. The light reactions of photosynthesis ultimately convert low-energy molecules of ________ into high-energy molecules of ________.

   		NADP+; NADPH
   		ADP; ATP
   		Both of these are correct.
   		Neither of these is correct.

QUESTION 11

1. What molecule most directly provides the energy you need for your muscles to contract?

   		glucose
   		ATP
   		NADH
   		ADP
   		oxygen

QUESTION 12

1. A product of glycolysis is ______

   		ethyl alcohol
   		lactic acid
   		pyruvate
   		oxygen
   		acetyl CoA

QUESTION 13

1. The end product of the Calvin cycle reactions is ___________.

   		glucose
   		glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
   		sucrose
   		3-phosphoglycerate (3PG)
   		ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)

QUESTION 14

1. Where does cellular respiration occur?

   		In the chloroplasts
   		In the mitochondria
   		In the nucleus
   		In the airways of the respiratory system

QUESTION 15

1. Identify the stage (or stages) of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.

   		Citric acid cycle
   		Electron transport chain
   		Glycolysis
   		All of these

QUESTION 16

1. What type(s) of organisms does cellular respiration occur in?

   		autotrophs
   		heterotrophs
   		decomposers
   		producers
   		All answers given are correct.

QUESTION 17

1. Predict what would happen as the entropy of a system approached 100%.

   		All motion would stop.
   		Randomness would become maximized.
   		Order would become maximized.
   		Heat would decrease.

QUESTION 18

1. Which of the following shows the flow of energy at the cellular level through the biosphere?

   		solar energy – mitochondria – chloroplast
   		chloroplast – solar energy – mitochondria
   		solar energy – chloroplast – mitochondria
   		mitochondria – solar energy – chloroplast
   		chloroplast – mitochondria – solar energy

QUESTION 19

1. How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll?

   		Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts.
   		Not enough of the green light penetrates the ozone layer and makes it to the plant.
   		Green light has such a small wavelength that most of it goes straight through the leaves without interacting with the chlorophyll.
   		Green light does not have enough energy to excite an electron in the photosystem.

QUESTION 20

1. Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.

   		Citric acid cycle
   		Calvin cycle
   		Electron transport chain
   		Glycolysis

QUESTION 21

1. Select the term which best defines the movement of an object against an opposing force.

   		Work
   		Play
   		Energy
   		Entropy

QUESTION 22

1. Cellular respiration is the opposite of what other cellular process?

   		fermentation
   		cell division
   		hydrolysis
   		photosynthesis
   		dehydration synthesis

QUESTION 23

1. How does CO₂ enter a plant?

   		Through the roots
   		Through the stomata
   		Through the stroma
   		Through the grana

QUESTION 24

1. Identify which of the following statements is not true.

   		ATP is formed when energy is released during cell respiration.
   		When ATP becomes ADP + P, the amount of energy released is enough for a biological purpose.
   		ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups.
   		ATP contains the energy form used for cellular work.
   		ADP is low in potential energy.

QUESTION 25

1. When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is in the form of heat as the car is driven. Which of the following best describes this in relation to the 1^st law of thermodynamics?

   		Energy is conserved.
   		Energy can be changed from one form to another.
   		Energy is often destroyed.
   		All energy comes from the sun.
   		Energy is always used up in reactions.